The visual perception of size and distance.

نویسنده

  • W C GOGEL
چکیده

The perception of absolute distance has been assumed to be important in the perception of the size of objects and the depth between them. A different hypothesis is proposed. It is asserted that perceived relative size and distance are the primary psychological phenomena with perceived absolute distance derived from the perceptual summing of perceived relative depths. In agreement with this point-of-view, it is stressed that relative rather than absolute retinal extents are the determiners of visually perceived extents. A principle called the “adjacency principle” is identified as perceptually organizing the relative retinal stimuli. This principle states that the apparent size or position of any object in the field of view is determined by whatever size or distance cues occur between it and adjacent objects. Some evidence for the adjacency principle is discussed and some consequences of the principle are considered. R&urn&-On admet &ntralement que la perception de la distance absolue est un facteur important de la perception de la dimension des objets et de la profondeur qui les separe. On propose une hypothtse diff&ente, selon laquelle la dimension relative et la distance peques sont les phCnomtnes psychologiques primaires, tandis que la perception de la distance absolue d&rive d’une sommation des profondeurs relatives perGues. En accord avec ce point de vue, on insiste sur Ie fait que lest5carts pewues visuellement sont dbterminb plutbt par les &arts rhtiniens relatifs que par les &arts absolus. On a identifiC un principe, nommC “principe de contiguitC”, comme le facteur perceptuel qui organise les stimuli ti:tiniens relatifs. Ce principe ttablit que la dimension apparente ou la position d’un objet quelconque du champ visuel est d&ermine par tout guide de taille ou de distance qui existe entre lui et les objets adjacents. On discute quelques faits qui sont en faveur du principe de contiguitC et on Ctudie quelques consbquences de ce principe. Zusammenfassnng-Es wurde angenommen, dass die Wahrnehmung des absoluten Abstandes fiir die Wahmehmung der Griisse und des Tiefenabstandes von Objekten bedeutsam sei. Eine neue Hypothese wird vorgeschlagen. Es wird behauptet, dass die wahrgenommene relative GrGsse und der Abstand die primiren psychologischen Erscheinungen sind, wobei der wahrgenommene absolute Abstand sich durch Summation der wahrgenommenen relativen Tiefenabstlnde in der Wahrnehmung herleitet. In Ubereinstimmung mit diesem Gesichtspunkt wird betont, dass vielmehr relative als absolute Abstlnde auf der Retina bestimmend fiir visuell wahrgenommene Ausdehnun~n sind. Ein Prinzip, das “adjacency principle” (Nachbarschaftsprinzip) genannt wird, erweist sich als verantwortlich fiir die wahrnehmungsgemlsse Organisation der realtiven Reize auf der Netzhaut. Das Prinzip legt fest, dass die scheinbare G&se oder Lage eines Objektes im Gesichtsfeld dadurch bestimmt ist, dass bei einer bestimmten G&se oder einem bestimmten Abstand gewisse Marken zwischen ihm und dem benachbarten Objekt erscheinen. Eine BeweismBglichkeit f%r das Nachbarschaftsprinzip wird diskutiert und einige Folgerungen aus dem Prinzip werden betrachtet.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • [Report]. Civil Aeromedical Research Institute

دوره 62 15  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1962